Hair Reconstruction

   
1、Structure of hair
 

Hair root is the part of hair under scalp, which is called the soft keratinose, and the hair shaft is the part of hair above scalp, which is called hard keratinose, and 97% of hair is keratinose and 3% of it is carbohydrate.

Hair grow our of the hair follicles, which has complex structure and many epithelial cell in the hypoderma. The cells of hair papilla in the front of the hair follicles can continually divide to create new cells to make the soft keratinose.

When the soft keratinose keeps growing, dehydrating, keratinizing and stretching out of the scalp, it will be farther and farther away from the nutrition source, and the hair will get easily injured if suffered from the damage of outside, so hair can be healthy only by taking good care of hair shaft.

Furthermore the live part of the hair is only the hair papilla, which is on the top of the hair follicle and has 600 capillary vessels and nerves, that’s why haircut does not hurt but pulling out hair hurts. There are 18 kinds of amino acid can be decomposed from the keratinose of hair, so we can say the group of amino acid is the material of hair.
   
 
Name
content
Name
content
Name
content
histidine
0.9
 aspartic acid
6.1
 valine
5.4
cystine
15
 lysine
2.9
 praline
5.4
glutamic acid
14.9
 tryptophan
1.0
 leucine
6.7
serine
10.2
 Isoleucine
2.4
 arginine
9.2
phenylalanine
2.5
 tyrosine
2.4
 glycin
4.8
methionine
0.7
 alanine
3
 threonine
6.5
  The grease secreted by sebaceous gland can be decomposed to non esterified fatty acid by the good bacterium, which can protect the scalp, however if too much grease is secreted, it will be harmful to the scalp, block the hair pores and cause the bad bacterium to grow. The scalp is greasy rather than the hair is greasy, and the dry scalp has more dandruff and dry hair.
   
  The diameter of hair and the burden can be beared by hair
  The diameter of hair is 0.035mm～0.12mm for yellow race, 0.03mm～0.10mm for European, and 0.04mm～0.13mm for African. One hair can bear the weight of 100g, and a car can be pulled easily by 100,000 hairs binding together.
   
2、The structure of hair shaft
  Hair is made of shaft and root, hair shaft is above the skin and hair root is below the skin and through hypoderma even in the subcutaneous layer (adipose tissue), hair shaft is composed by cuticular layer, cortex layer and medulla layer.
 
Cuticular layer
 It is a thin layer with flat, extremely keratinized, transparent and scaly epithelial cells, which strongly pile up to prevent foreign and dirts to break in and keep the nutrition such as keratin inside the hair.
Cortex layer
 It is made by the elongated cells and the key composition of hair shaft, and there are many fibers containing melanin inside the elongated cells, if there is more melanin, the reflectivity to light will be lower, the reflectivity to light of white hair and golden hair is higher because they have no melanin and contain air.
Medulla layer
 It is composed by lines of polygonal cells and interspace of air, the first and second cubical cells listed side by side, like honeycomb, and there are uncountable pores inside them, which have much air and effect of heat insulation to protect the head and agaist sunshine's radiation.
   
   
3、Various injured hair
  The causes of injured hair can fall into effect of physics and chemistry.
   
 

1、Physical damages：Damages mainly from hotness, rub, dryness and pull and so on.

2、Chemical Damages：Damages mainly from excessive hair washing, chemicals or medicament of marcel and dye and so on.Improper usage of hair conditioner may injure hair, for example, hair-scales oil (ciliccn), camphire or pollen can make hair-scales thicker, then cover the cuticular layer and make hair weaker and drier.

3、Good and healthy hair：hair has shinning color, elasticity and sufficient water, and without dryness, splits and broken parts and the hair-scales is healthy without any injuries under the test machine with 750X mircoscope.
   
 
Normal hair
Healthy hair-1
Healthy hair-2
Scales have slight holes
Scales covered by chmicals
Broken cortex layer
Torn cortex layer
Broken hair cuticle
Hair injured by alkali
Hair badly injured by alkali
Broken hair after marcel and
Hair badly injured by alkali
Hair injured by perm
Cuticle calcify caused by chmicals
Cuticle calcify caused by chmicals
Medulla badly injured
Quasi broken hair
Broken hair
   
   
SIG magnified injured hair
 
200X Detector
Magnify the injured part
   
SIG Case pictures of rebuilding hair
 
Twice →
Hair with injured hair-scales
 
 
Seven times →
Injured cortex after perm
 
 
One time →
Hair with injured hair-scales
 
 
Five times →
Hair with injured middle part of cortex
 
 
Four times →
Injured cuticle and cortex after perm
 
 
Four times →
Hair with injured scales of cuticle
 
 
   
   
4、SIG professional hair rebuilding methods
 
Pictures
Hair properties
Applied formulations
Attention
Normal hair
 JEO Perfect Botanic Amino Acid


1.Hair should have enough humidity and water.
2.Operate in zones.
3.Hair slice should be appropriate.
4.Lotion should be little and spreaded evenly.
5.When using SIG Cuticle Regeneration & Repair Cream, smear from the end of the hair firstly, after operation, use preservative film or towel to cover hair for 10 minutes.
6.When using SIG Structurant Hair Mask, water can be added in the proportion of 3:1 with the cream.
7.Do not heat in all of the processes, just need normal temperature.
Slightly injured hair
 JEO Perfect Botanic Amino Acid + SIG Structurant Hair Mask
Moderately injured hair
 SIG Deep Level Amino Acid + SIG Cuticle Regeneration & Repair Cream
Moderately and badly injured hair
 SIG Deep Level Amino Acid + SIG Cuticle Regeneration & Repair Cream + SIG Structurant Hair Mask
Badly injured hair
 SIG Deep Level Amino Acid + SIG Biochemistry (Normally) Care Lotion, Protection Lotion (1:2) + SIG Cuticle Regeneration & Repair Cream
Severely injured hair
 SIG Deep Level Amino Acid + SIG Biochemistry (Normally) Care Lotion, Protection Lotion (1:2) + SIG Structurant Hair Mask